Biofertilizers are natural fertilizers containing living microorganisms that provide nutrients to plants and improve soil health. They offer an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers for Thai farmers. Biofertilizers enhance soil fertility, plant nutrition, growth, and protection from diseases. Many effective types like nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus solubilizers, and growth promoters are available. Thai farmers can also produce customized biofertilizer inoculum on farm using local organic materials and microbial cultures.